LeetCode 547. Friend Circles

Description:

There are \(N\) students in a class. Some of them are friends, while some are not. Their friendship is transitive in nature. For example, if \(A\) is a direct friend of \(B\), and \(B\) is a direct friend of \(C\), then \(A\) is an indirect friend of \(C\). And we defined a friend circle is a group of students who are direct or indirect friends.

Given a \(N\times N\) matrix \(M\) representing the friend relationship between students in the class. If \(M[i][j] = 1\), then the ith and jth students are direct friends with each other, otherwise not. And you have to output the total number of friend circles among all the students.

Note:

• \(N\) is in range [1,200].
• \(M[i][i] = 1\) for all students.
• If \(M[i][j] = 1\), then \(M[j][i] = 1\).

Example:

input:

[[1,1,0], [1,1,0], [0,0,1]]

output:

2

explanation:

The 0th and 1st students are direct friends, so they are in a friend circle. The 2nd student himself is in a friend circle. So return 2.

input:

[[1,1,0], [1,1,1], [0,1,1]]

output:

1

explanation:

The 0th and 1st students are direct friends, the 1st and 2nd students are direct friends, so the 0th and 2nd students are indirect friends. All of them are in the same friend circle, so return 1.

Solution:

class Solution:
    def findCircleNum(self, M):
        """
        :type M: List[List[int]]
        :rtype: int
        """
        numOfStudents = len(M)
        checkedStudent = [False] * numOfStudents
        
        numOfCircle = 0
        i = 0
        while i < numOfStudents:
            if checkedStudent[i]:
                i += 1
                continue
            
            checkedStudent[i] = True
            queue = []
            
            for j in range(i + 1, numOfStudents):
                if M[i][j] == 1:
                    queue.append(j)
                    
            while len(queue) > 0:
                front = queue.pop()
                checkedStudent[front] = True
                for j in range(numOfStudents):
                    if M[j][front] == 1 and not checkedStudent[j]:
                        queue.append(j)
                        
            numOfCircle += 1
            i += 1
            
        return numOfCircle

This resembles the connected-component labeling algorithm. A queue-based BFS is used to find all members of a friend circle.